What are the two-factor and triarchic theories of intelligence?
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The two factor theory of intelligence was proposed by Charles Spearman (1927). According to him, intelligence consists of general (g) and specific (s) factor. The theory maintained that all intellectual activities share a
single common factor (called “g”) which is characterized as mental energy. “g” is considered responsible for relationship between different human activities. Positive correlations between any two factors were attributed to ‘g” factor. In addition to “g”, this theory also postulates a number of specific factors “s”. Each specific factor is strictly specific to a single activity.
Theory of Multiple Intelligence:The theory of multiple intelligence was proposed by Howard Gardner. According to this theory, intelligence is not a single entity; rather distinct types of intelligence exist. Each of these intelligences is independent of each other. This means that if a person exhibits one type of intelligence, it does not necessarily indicate being high or low on other types of intelligence. Gardner also said that different types of intelligence interact and work together to find a solution to a problem. Gardner studied extremely talented persons, who had shown exceptional abilities in their respective areas and described eight types of intelligence. These are the following:
What are the two factors of intelligence according to?“G” and “S” factors of two-factor theory
Spearman proposed that intelligence consists of two factors which are the “g” factor and “s” factor. The “g” factor is linked to the general ability, while the “s” factor is linked to the specific ability.
Who gave the twoSpearman's Two-Factor Theory:
The English psychologist, Charles Spearman (1863-1945), in 1904 proposed his theory of intelligence called two-factor theory. According to him intellectual abilities are comprised of two factors, namely; the general ability known as G-factor and specific Abilities known as S-factors.
What is multiple factor theory of intelligence?Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences proposes that people are not born with all of the intelligence they will ever have. This theory challenged the traditional notion that there is one single type of intelligence, sometimes known as “g” for general intelligence, that only focuses on cognitive abilities.
What is single factor theory of intelligence?One factor/UNI factor theory: It reduces all abilities to a single capacity of general intelligence or 'common sense'. This would imply that they are all perfectly correlated, and would make no allowance for the unevenness of people i.e. abilities along different lines.
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