The elections of 1876 saw Quizlet

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Terms in this set (37)

In 1865, Southern blacks defined "freedom" as

Select one:
a. an end to slavery.
b. independence from white control.
c. the ability to return to their ancestral homelands.
d. immediate representation in the U.S. Congress.
e. All these answers are correct.

b. independence from white control.

In 1865, Southern whites defined "freedom" as

Select one:
a. the right to use federal assistance to recover from the Civil War.
b. controlling their future without Northern interference.
c. the right of Southern states to remain outside of the Union.
d. the removal of freed blacks from their states.
e. monetary compensation for lost slaves.

b. controlling their future without Northern interference.

During the Johnson administration, the United States acquired

Select one:
a. Alaska.
b. Hawaii.
c. Guam.
d. the Virgin Islands.
e. Puerto Rico.

a. Alaska.

The Alabama claims

Select one:
a. saw the United States refuse to pay Alabama for losses incurred during the Civil War.
b. involved complaints by the United States against England.
c. ended an experiment in black landownership.
d. marked a renewed effort in asserting the rights of states over federal authority.
e. were found by the Supreme Court to invalidate Radical Reconstruction.

b. involved complaints by the United States against England.

The Panic of 1873

Select one:
a. began after the Southern crop-lien system collapsed.
b. saw Republicans call on Grant to go off the gold standard.
c. saw President Grant favor putting more paper currency into circulation.
d. began after revelations of corruption in the Grant administration.
e. was the nation's worst economic depression to that time.

e. was the nation's worst economic depression to that time.

In the South, the crop-lien system along with the burdensome credit system

Select one:
a. encouraged the planting of cash crops.
b. nearly disappeared during Reconstruction.
c. led to crop diversification.
d. was generally imposed on blacks, but not white farmers.
e. saw interest rates rise as high as 20 or 30 percent.

a. encouraged the planting of cash crops.

After the Civil War, most poor rural Southerners relied on credit from

Select one:
a. local banks.
b. the federal government.
c. Northern financial institutions.
d. country stores.
e. state governments.

d. country stores.

The Freedmen's Bureau

Select one:
a. distributed food to millions of former slaves.
b. pushed for voting rights for former male slaves.
c. gave forty acres of land and a mule to millions of Southern blacks.
d. was created to operate for only five years.
e. created millions of federal public works jobs for former slaves.

a. distributed food to millions of former slaves.

As a result of the Supreme Court's ruling in Ex parte Milligan, some Radical Republicans

Select one:
a. reduced the number of justices on the Court.
b. established military tribunals in additional Southern states.
c. proposed abolishing the Court.
d. tempered many of their Reconstruction plans.
e. ended military tribunals in favor of civil courts.

c. proposed abolishing the Court.

The Tenure of Office Act

Select one:
a. gave the Senate the power to appoint members of the president's cabinet.
b. was designed to limit President Andrew Johnson's authority.
c. was roundly condemned by Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton.
d. was both designed to limit President Andrew Johnson's authority and roundly condemned by Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton.
e. None of these answers is correct.

b. was designed to limit President Andrew Johnson's authority.

Congressional passage of the Enforcement Acts in 1870-1871

Select one:
a. was aimed at reducing white repression of blacks in the South.
b. was designed to support the Black Codes.
c. was vetoed by President Ulysses Grant.
d. gave legal protection to the Ku Klux Klan.
e. allowed white Southerners to maintain a police state.

a. was aimed at reducing white repression of blacks in the South.

During Reconstruction, the black labor force worked

Select one:
a. approximately the same number of hours as during slavery.
b. significantly fewer hours than had been the case during slavery.
c. more hours than had been the case during slavery.
d. significantly more hours than the white labor force.
e. significantly less hours than the white labor force.

b. significantly fewer hours than had been the case during slavery.

The elections of 1876 saw

Select one:
a. the Supreme Court decide the presidential election.
b. a Democrat become president for the first time since the Civil War.
c. the candidate with the most popular votes fail to get elected.
d. Ulysses Grant make an unsuccessful bid for an unprecedented third term.
e. the governor of New York become president.

c. the candidate with the most popular votes fail to get elected.

After Reconstruction, political power under southern "Redeemers"

Select one:
a. was very often restricted and conservative.
b. typically relied on raising taxes for its funding.
c. increased state services for the poor.
d. ignored the interests of industrialists.
e. helped consolidate the "Solid South" for the Republican Party.

a. was very often restricted and conservative.

Advocates of the "New South"

Select one:
a. opposed using northern capital.
b. discouraged white women from working outside of the home.
c. promoted southern industry and railroad development.
d. challenged the assumptions of white supremacy.
e. in fact advocated a return to the plantation system of the antebellum South.

c. promoted southern industry and railroad development.

The Supreme Court ruled in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) that

Select one:
a. communities could have schools for whites only, even if there were no schools for blacks.
b. the Fourteenth Amendment was unconstitutional.
c. racial segregation was legal if whites and blacks had equal "accommodations."
d. private institutions were exempt from laws against racial discrimination.
e. segregation by race in education was inherently unconstitutional.

c. racial segregation was legal if whites and blacks had equal "accommodations."

In the South during the last twenty years of the nineteenth century,

Select one:
a. the southern share of national manufacturing doubled.
b. southerners became more dependent on agriculture than ever.
c. per capita income fell sharply.
d. most industrial growth came from coal mining.
e. the average income reached 80 percent of that in the North.

a. the southern share of national manufacturing doubled.

Among other positions, Booker T. Washington

Select one:
a. rejected the ideology of the "New South creed."
b. favored industrial over classical education.
c. called on the federal government to offer job training for blacks.
d. proposed an exodus of blacks from the South to the West.
e. argued that blacks spent too much time trying to impress the white middle class.

b. favored industrial over classical education.

The assassination of President Abraham Lincoln

Select one:
a. involved a larger conspiracy to kill other members of the administration.
b. saw John Wilkes Booth convicted of the murder of the president.
c. brought a Radical Republican to the presidency.
d. was intended to bring Andrew Johnson into the presidency.
e. had been planned at the highest levels of the Confederate government.

a. involved a larger conspiracy to kill other members of the administration.

The Wade-Davis Bill

Select one:
a. essentially followed President Lincoln's Reconstruction plans.
b. was criticized by Conservative Republicans for being too mild.
c. sought to bring about the disenfranchisement of leading Confederates.
d. denied reentry into the Union by former Confederate states for 10 years.
e. quickly became the law of the land.

c. sought to bring about the disenfranchisement of leading Confederates.

Schuyler Colfax, Grant's vice president,

Select one:
a. was involved in a stock-fixing scandal.
b. was assassinated by a disgruntled former plantation owner.
c. opposed almost every one of Grant's policies.
d. was fired by Grant for incompetence.
e. None of these answers is correct.

a. was involved in a stock-fixing scandal.

Black sharecropping

Select one:
a. represented a continuation of the pre-Civil War gang-labor system.
b. differed sharply from the tenant system.
c. usually led to economic independence.
d. was a very common occupation of former slaves.
e. involved close white supervision, which recalled the days of slavery.

d. was a very common occupation of former slaves.

In 1868, President Andrew Johnson was impeached because he

Select one:
a. violated the Tenure of Office Act.
b. offered political opposition to Radical Republicans.
c. dismissed Edwin Stanton from office.
d. both violated the Tenure of Office Act and dismissed Edwin Stanton from office.
e. All these answers are correct.

e. All these answers are correct.

Which of the following statements about the end of Reconstruction is accurate?

Select one:
a. Given the context within which Americans of the 1860s and 1870s were working, it is surprising that Reconstruction did so little.
b. A lack of respect for private property and free enterprise prevented any real assault on economic privilege in the South.
c. The president and his party proved uninterested in supporting even modest acceptance of African American rights.
d. The president and his party had hoped to build up a "new Democratic" organization in the South.
e. Many white Southern leaders sympathized with Republican economic policies in the South but could not publicly support them.

e. Many white Southern leaders sympathized with Republican economic policies in the South but could not publicly support them.

During Reconstruction, there was a dramatic improvement in Southern

Select one:
a. transportation.
b. education.
c. industry.
d. banking.
e. agriculture.

b. education.

In his 1895 "Atlanta Compromise" speech, Booker T. Washington

Select one:
a. called for political and civil rights for black Americans.
b. criticized the federal government for abandoning southern blacks.
c. argued that blacks should honor their African forebears.
d. stated that blacks should give up in seeking equality with whites.
e. called for tacit acceptance of the emerging system of racial segregation.

e. called for tacit acceptance of the emerging system of racial segregation.

Jim Crow laws

Select one:
a. imposed a system of state-supported segregation.
b. attacked the problem of lynching.
c. led immediately to a dramatic black exodus from the South.
d. challenged white Redeemer rule in the South.
e. did not apply to public parks, beaches, or picnic areas.

a. imposed a system of state-supported segregation.

During the last quarter of the nineteenth century, southern agriculture

Select one:
a. saw a significant diversification of its crops.
b. saw a decline in absentee ownership of farmland.
c. regained the profitability it had had prior to the Civil War.
d. saw a deceleration of the processes begun in the postwar years.
e. saw the great majority of farmers live under the tenant system.

e. saw the great majority of farmers live under the tenant system.

By the 1890s, voting percentages in the South had

Select one:
a. increased for blacks only.
b. increased for whites only.
c. declined for blacks only.
d. increased for whites and declined for blacks.
e. decreased for both whites and blacks.

e. decreased for both whites and blacks.

In the 1890s, the black journalist Ida B. Wells devoted her writing to attacking

Select one:
a. the legality of segregation.
b. restrictions on black education.
c. the loss of black voting rights.
d. the crime of lynching.
e. the arguments of Booker T. Washington.

d. the crime of lynching.

During Reconstruction, per capita income for Southerners

Select one:
a. rose for blacks.
b. rose for whites.
c. declined for whites.
d. rose for blacks and whites.
e. rose for blacks and declined for whites.

e. rose for blacks and declined for whites.

The Fourteenth Amendment

Select one:
a. ended slavery throughout the United States.
b. gave voting rights to all male Americans.
c. gave citizenship rights to all people born in the United States.
d. was ruled unconstitutional by the Supreme Court.
e. was written in such a way as to appease the woman's suffrage movement.

c. gave citizenship rights to all people born in the United States.

During Reconstruction, the Southern school system

Select one:
a. reached 40 percent of all black children by 1876.
b. did not allow blacks to be teachers.
c. initially were not segregated.
d. only offered primary instruction.
e. barely reached any children of former slaves.

a. reached 40 percent of all black children by 1876.

President Abraham Lincoln's "10 percent" plan for the South referred to the

Select one:
a. area of land in each state that should be reserved for former slaves.
b. ratio of federal to state money to be spent in rebuilding the Southern economy.
c. ratio of federal troops to freed slaves in each Southern state.
d. percentage of freed slaves who must be given the right to vote before setting up a state government.
e. number of white voters required to take loyalty oaths before setting up a state government.

e. number of white voters required to take loyalty oaths before setting up a state government.

By the end of Reconstruction,

Select one:
a. most Southern black women did field work.
b. most Southern black women played a role in the family that was very different from that of white women.
c. roughly half of all black women were working for wages.
d. most black women did not hold a job.
e. black women still could not marry with any legal standing

c. roughly half of all black women were working for wages.

The Fifteenth Amendment dealt with the issue of

Select one:
a. slavery.
b. citizenship.
c. cruel and unusual punishment.
d. income tax.
e. suffrage.

e. suffrage.

Advocates of the "New South"

Select one:
a. opposed using northern capital.
b. discouraged white women from working outside of the home.
c. promoted southern industry and railroad development.
d. challenged the assumptions of white supremacy.
e. in fact advocated a return to the plantation system of the antebellum South.

c. promoted southern industry and railroad development.

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