During which stage of a foreign assignment does an expatriate begin to feel fascinated by the culture and history of the town in which they have been assigned to live?

Abstract

Although multiculturalism has drawn increasing attention in international business research, relatively little is known about multiculturalism beyond individuals who have immigrated to a new host country. This study uses interviews with 79 assigned expatriates in two host countries – China and Japan – to develop a cultural and language identification-based typology of monocultural, cosmopolitan, integrated bicultural, and conflicting bicultural expatriates. We also use the interview findings to demonstrate the workplace manifestations of each expatriate type. This study contributes by deepening research on multicultural employees in situ, moving beyond the assumption of monocultural identification in expatriate research, and discussing workplace manifestations of both culture and language identification.

Keywords

Multicultural employee

Expatriate

Cultural identification

Host country language

China

Japan

© 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Date Published: 17/08/2022

Last Updated: 22/08/2022

In this article

1. What is culture shock?
2. What are the stages of culture shock for an expat?
3. How does culture shock impact you when you move abroad?
4. Tips to overcome culture shock
5. Culture shock FAQs

Try to prepare for culture shock before you move abroad using tips from our guide on relocating with kids / GETTY IMAGES

Eventually if you give yourself time, you will enjoy the new culture and make new friends / GETTY IMAGES

What is the definition of culture shock?

Culture shock is adjustment to a new culture and environment when you move to live abroad. It can happen when you experience cultures that are different to the one you have known. Culture shock can lead to a mix of emotions, including anxiety, loss of confidence, excitement, confusion, loneliness and uncertainty.

Is culture shock good or bad?

Though it might come across as negative, culture shock is normal part of relocation experience that many people go through when moving or traveling. While it can be challenging, those who can resolve their feelings and adjust to their new environment often overcome culture shock. As a result, cultural adjustment can lead to personal growth and a favourable experience.

What is an example of culture shock?

For example, international students who have come to the UK for their degree can experience culture shock. Language barriers and unfamiliar customs un the country can make it challenging to adjust, leading some students to feel angry and anxious. As a result, students can withdraw from social activities and experience minor health problems such as trouble sleeping.

Over time, students become more familiar with their new surroundings as they make new friends and learn social cues. The result can lead to growth and a new appreciation of the culture for international student.

What are the types of culture shock?

Culture shock is typically divided into four stages: the honeymoon, frustration, adaptation, and acceptance stage. These periods are characterised by feelings of loneliness, excitement, anger, homesickness, adjustment, and acceptance.

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