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Stop-Limit Order Definition: Features & Examples
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Trading Skills & Essentials Trading Order Types & Processes

Stop-Limit Order

By
James Chen
Full Bio

James Chen, CMT is an expert trader, investment adviser, and global market strategist. He has authored books on technical analysis and foreign exchange trading published by John Wiley and Sons and served as a guest expert on CNBC, BloombergTV, Forbes, and Reuters among other financial media.

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Updated November 28, 2021
Reviewed by
Gordon Scott
Reviewed by Gordon Scott
Full Bio
Gordon Scott has been an active investor and technical analyst of securities, futures, forex, and penny stocks for 20+ years. He is a member of the Investopedia Financial Review Board and the co-author of Investing to Win. Gordon is a Chartered Market Technician [CMT]. He is also a member of CMT Association.
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Fact checked by
Amanda Bellucco-Chatham
Fact checked by Amanda Bellucco-Chatham
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Amanda Bellucco-Chatham is an editor, writer, and fact-checker with years of experience researching personal finance topics. Specialties include general financial planning, career development, lending, retirement, tax preparation, and credit.

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Part Of
Guide to Trade Order Types
Explore The Guide
  • Overview
  • Introduction to Orders and Execution
    • Overview
    • Execution
    • Understanding Order Execution
    • Open Order
  • Market, Stop, and Limit Orders
    • Overview
    • Market Order vs. Limit Order
    • Limit Order vs. Stop Order
    • Buy Limit Order
    • Buy Stop Order
    • Stop-Loss Order
    • Determining Where to Set Your Stop-Loss
    • Stop-Limit Order
    • Stop-Loss vs. Stop-Limit Order
    • Buy Limit vs. Sell Stop Order
    • Take-Profit Order
  • Order Duration
    • Overview
    • Time In Force
    • Day Order Definition
    • Good 'Til Canceled [GTC]
    • Immediate Or Cancel Order [IOC]
    • Fill Or Kill [FOK]
    • Market-On-Open Order [MOO]
    • Market-On-Close Order [MOC]
  • Advanced Order Types
    • Overview
    • Trailing Stop
    • Conditional Order
    • Contingent Order
    • One-Cancels-the-Other Order [OCO]
    • Iceberg Order
Table of Contents
Expand
  • What Is a Stop-Limit Order?
  • How Stop-Limit Orders Work
  • Features of Stop and Limit Orders
  • Real-World Example of a Stop-Limit Order
  • What is the difference between a stop-loss order and a stop-limit order?
  • Do stop-limit orders work after hours?
  • What is an example of a stop-limit order used for a short position?
  • How long do stop-limit orders last?

What Is a Stop-Limit Order?

A stop-limit order is a conditional trade over a set time frame that combines the features of stop with those of a limit order and is used to mitigate risk. It is related to other order types, including limit orders [an order to either buy or sell a specified number of shares at a given price or better] and stop-on-quote orders [an order to either buy or sell a security after its price has surpassed a specified point].

Key Takeaways

  • Stop-limit orders are a conditional trade that combine the features of a stop loss with those of a limit order to mitigate risk.
  • Stop-limit orders enable traders to have precise control over when the order should be filled, but they are not guaranteed to be executed.
  • Traders often use stop-limit orders to lock in profits or limit downside losses.
2:43

How Do Limit Orders Work?

How Stop-Limit Orders Work

A stop-limit order requires the setting of two price points:

  1. Stop: The start of the specified target price for the trade.
  2. Limit: The outside of the price target for the trade.

A time frame must also be set, during which the stop-limit order is considered executable.

The primary benefit of a stop-limit order is that the trader has precise control over when the order should be filled.

The downside, as with all limit orders, is that the trade is not guaranteed to be executed if the stock/commodity does not reach the stop price during the specified time period.

The stop-limit order will be executed at a specified price, or better, after a given stop price has been reached. Once the stop price is reached, the stop-limit order becomes a limit order to buy or sell at the limit price or better. This type of order is an available option with nearly every online broker.

Features of Stop and Limit Orders

A stop order is an order that becomes executable once a set price has been reached and is then filled at the current market price. A traditional stop order will be filled in its entirety, regardless of any changes in the current market price as the trades are completed.

A limit order is one that is set at a certain price. It is only executable at times when the trade can be performed at the limit price or at a price that is considered more favorable than the limit price. If trading activity causes the price to become unfavorable regarding the limit price, then the activity related to the order will be ceased.

By combining the two orders, the investor has much greater precision in executing the trade.

A stop order is filled at the market price after the stop price has been hit, regardless of whether the price changes to an unfavorable position. This can lead to trades being completed at less than desirable prices should the market adjust quickly. Combining the stop order with the features of a limit order ensures that the order will not get filled once the pricing becomes unfavorable, based on the investors limit. Thus, in a stop-limit order, after the stop price is triggered, the limit order takes effect to ensure that the order is not completed unless the price is at or better than the limit price that the investor has specified.

Real-World Example of a Stop-Limit Order

For example, assume that Apple Inc. [AAPL] is trading at $155 and that an investor wants to buy the stock once it begins to show some serious upward momentum. The investor has put in a stop-limit order to buy with the stop price at $160 and the limit price at $165. If the price of AAPL moves above the $160 stop price, then the order is activated and turns into a limit order. As long as the order can be filled under $165, which is the limit price, the trade will be filled. If the stock gaps above $165, then the order will not be filled.

Buy stop-limit orders are placed above the market price at the time of the order, while sell stop-limit orders are placed below the market price.

What is the difference between a stop-loss order and a stop-limit order?

A stop-loss order assures execution, while a stop-limit order ensures a fill at the desired price. The decision regarding which type of order to use depends on a number of factors.

A stop-loss order will get triggered at the market price once the stop-loss level has been breached. An investor with a long position in a security whose price is plunging swiftly may find that the price at which the stop-loss order got filled is well below the level at which the stop-loss was set. This can be a major risk when a stock gaps downsay, after an earnings reportfor a long position; conversely, a gap up can be a risk for a short position.

A stop-limit order combines the features of a stop-loss order and a limit order. The investor specifies the limit price, thus ensuring that the stop-limit order will only be filled at the limit price or better. However, as with any limit order, the risk here is that the order may not get filled at all, leaving the investor stuck with a money-losing position.

Do stop-limit orders work after hours?

Stop-loss orders will only be triggered during standard market hours, which is generally 9:30 a.m. to 4 p.m. Eastern time. They will not get executed during extended-hours sessions or when the market is closed for weekends and holidays.

What is an example of a stop-limit order used for a short position?

A short position would necessitate a buy-stop limit order to cap losses. For example, if a trader has a short position in stock ABC at $50 and would like to cap losses at 20% to 25%, they can enter a stop-limit order to buy at a price of $60 and a limit price of $62.50. If the stock trades at a price of $60 to $62.50, then the stop-limit order will be executed, capping the traders loss on the short position in the desired 20%25% range. However, if the stock gaps upsay, to $65then the stop-limit order will not be executed and the short position will remain open.

How long do stop-limit orders last?

Stop-limit orders can be set as either day ordersin which case they would expire at the end of the current market sessionor good-til-canceled [GTC] orders, which carry over to future trading sessions. Different trading platforms and brokerages have varying expiries for GTC orders, so check the time period when your GTC order will be valid.

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Part Of
Guide to Trade Order Types Guide
  • Order Definition
    1 of 26
  • Execution Definition
    2 of 26
  • Understanding Order Execution
    3 of 26
  • Open Order Definition
    4 of 26
  • Market Order vs. Limit Order: What's the Difference?
    5 of 26
  • Limit Order vs. Stop Order: What's the Difference?
    6 of 26
  • Buy Limit Order: Definition, Example, Pros and Cons
    7 of 26
  • Buy Stop Order Definition
    8 of 26
  • Stop-Loss Order Definition
    9 of 26
  • Determining Where to Set Your Stop-Loss
    10 of 26
  • Stop-Limit Order Definition
    11 of 26
  • Stop-Loss vs. Stop-Limit Order: Which Order to Use?
    12 of 26
  • Buy Limit vs. Sell Stop Order: Whats the Difference?
    13 of 26
  • Take-Profit Order - T/P
    14 of 26
  • Time In Force Definition
    15 of 26
  • Day Order
    16 of 26
  • Good 'Til Canceled [GTC] Definition
    17 of 26
  • Immediate Or Cancel Order [IOC]
    18 of 26
  • Fill Or Kill [FOK] Definition
    19 of 26
  • Market-On-Open Order [MOO] Definition
    20 of 26
  • Market-On-Close [MOC] Order Definition
    21 of 26
  • Trailing Stop Definition and Uses
    22 of 26
  • Conditional Order Definition
    23 of 26
  • Contingent Order Definition
    24 of 26
  • One-Cancels-the-Other [OCO] Order Definition
    25 of 26
  • Iceberg Order Definition
    26 of 26

Related Terms

What Is an End of Day Order?
An end of day order is a buy or sell order requested by an investor that is only open until the end of the day.
more
What Does "At the Lowest Possible Price" Mean?
At the lowest possible price is a security trading designation instructing a broker to execute a buy order for the smallest amount that can be found.
more
Buy Limit Order: Definition, Example, Pros and Cons
A buy limit order is an order to purchase an asset at or below a specified price. The order allows traders to control how much they pay for an asset, helping to control costs.
more
Order-Triggers-Two [OTT] Definition
An Order-Triggers-Two [OTT] condition is a contingency whereby when a primary order is filled, two secondary orders are placed as a result.
more
Stop Order Definition
A stop order is an order type that is triggered when the price of a security reaches the stop price level. It may then initiate a market or limit order.
more
Order-Sends-Order [OSO/OTO] Definition
An order-sends-order [OSO], aka order-triggers-other [OTO], is a set of orders stipulating that if the primary order executes, then one or more secondary orders also will be placed.
more
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